1. What is the approximate age of the Earth?

2. During the formation of the Earth, what process led to the differentiation of its interior layers?

3. Which geological process involves the alteration of preexisting rocks due to changes in temperature, pressure, or chemical environment?

4. What is the term for naturally occurring inorganic substances with a specific chemical composition and crystal structure?

5. Which type of rock is formed from the solidification of molten magma or lava?

6. What is the primary method used for extracting gemstones from nearsurface deposits?

7. Which district in Sri Lanka is renowned for its highquality blue sapphires?

8. What is the term for the blend of pink and orange colors found in certain sapphires?

9. Which tool or technique is commonly used in alluvial mining for recovering gemstones from loose gravel and sand?

10. What role do Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing play in gem exploration?

11. Which geological process involves the accumulation and lithification of sedimentary materials?

12. What is the primary method for identifying potential areas for mineral deposits using GIS and Remote Sensing?

13. What is the name of the process through which minerals within rocks undergo recrystallization?

14. Which country is often referred to as the "Gem Island"?

15. What is the primary method used for extracting gemstones from greater depths below the Earth's surface?

16. Which gemstone is known for its adularescence or "moonstone effect"?

17. What is the term for the continuous process through which rocks are transformed from one type to another over geological time scales?

18. Which type of rock is formed from the alteration of preexisting rocks due to changes in temperature, pressure, or chemical environment?

19. What role does spectral analysis of satellite imagery play in gem exploration?

20. What is the primary method used for extracting gemstones from sedimentary deposits such as riverbeds and floodplains?

21. Which gemstone variety is often found in association with metamorphic rocks such as gneiss and schist?

22. What role does GIS play in gem exploration?

23. Which country is renowned for its highquality blue sapphires, often referred to as "Ceylon Sapphires"?

24. What is the term for the process of identifying potential areas for mineral deposits based on geological data and spatial analysis?

25. Which type of rock is formed from the accumulation and lithification of sedimentary materials?

26. Which gemstone variety is often found in sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and limestone?

27. What is the term for the process of separating gemstones from the surrounding rock or sediment after extraction?

28. Which gemstone variety is known for its vibrant goldenyellow color?

29. What is the primary method used for extracting gemstones from underwater deposits in marine environments?

30. Which gemstone variety is formed from the alteration of preexisting rocks due to changes in temperature, pressure, or chemical environment?

31. What is the term for informal mining activities carried out by individuals or small groups using basic tools and manual labor?

32. Which gemstone variety is often found in metamorphic rocks such as marble and schist?

33. What role does Remote Sensing play in gem exploration?

34. Which gemstone variety is known for its vivid blue color and exceptional clarity?

35. What is the term for the continuous process through which rocks are transformed from one type to another over geological time scales?

36. Which type of rock is formed from the solidification of molten magma or lava?

37. What is the primary method used for extracting gemstones from sedimentary deposits such as riverbeds and floodplains?

38. Which gemstone variety is often found in association with metamorphic rocks such as gneiss and schist?

39. What is the term for the process of separating gemstones from the surrounding rock or sediment after extraction?

40. Which gemstone variety is known for its vibrant goldenyellow color?